MANAGING COMPETITIVENESS UNDER POLICY UNCERTAINTY: A GEOECONOMIC PERSPECTIVE FOR MULTINATIONAL FIRMS

This paper examines the challenges multinational firms face in maintaining competitiveness amid increasing policy uncertainty from a geoeconomic perspective. The study identifies key patterns in corporate responses to trade policy shifts, technological disruptions, and geopolitical tensions, proposing a framework for resilience-building through digital platforms, ecosystem orchestration, and dynamic capability development. We conclude with strategic recommendations for multinational enterprises operating across heterogeneous regulatory regimes in the Fourth Industrial Revolution era.