A systematic review of antioxidant and antimicrobial activities in the different extracts of Licorice as a valuable plant for ameliorating respiratory infectious disorders

Licorice, known scientifically as Glycyrrhiza glabra, has garnered significant attention in both traditional and modern medicine due to its extensive therapeutic properties. This systematic review aims to explore the antioxidant and antimicrobial activities of various licorice extracts, particularly in the context of respiratory infectious disorders. The review highlights the efficacy of licorice as a soothing agent for sore throats and an expectorant for bronchial conditions, as recognized by the World Health Organization. Despite the potential for adverse effects with prolonged high doses, licorice is generally safe when used in moderation, exhibiting a range of pharmacological effects including antiviral, anti-inflammatory, and antioxidant activities. The review synthesizes literature from scientific databases, focusing on the anti-fibrotic role of licorice and its mechanisms against respiratory pathogens. It underscores the need for innovative therapeutic strategies to combat treatment-resistant respiratory ailments, particularly pneumonia, which poses a significant health risk globally. The findings suggest that licorice extracts could serve as effective complementary therapies, enhancing the efficacy of conventional treatments while minimizing side effects. This review provides a foundational reference for future research aimed at developing new therapeutic agents derived from licorice, ultimately improving patient quality of life and survival rates in respiratory infections.