Influence of the 4G/5G dynamic spectrum sharing on human RF exposure to mobile radio services

The gradual shutdown of the 3G mobile radio network in Germany releases spectral resources in the 2100 MHz band which can be used for successor technologies such as 4G and 5G. Since mid of 2020, dynamic spectrum sharing (DSS) has been increasingly used to enable parallel operation of 4G and 5G in one and the same frequency band. There is an increasing need of information with regard to a possible change in exposure associated with DSS. Therefore, investigations were carried out to study the exposure across the 2100 MHz band in scenarios with and without DSS. Overall, the maximum exposure has not changed due to 4G/5G DSS. The instantaneous exposure has remained comparable or even slightly decreased compared to the previous status.