Research status of treatment modalities for anal high-grade squamous intraepithelial lesion

［Abstract］ Anal high-grade squamous intraepithelial lesion (HSIL), encompassing grades 2 and 3 of anal intraepithelial neoplasia, represents a precancerous condition for anal squamous cell carcinoma. Actively pursuing individualized interventions and effective follow-up management for these patients is significant. Based on relevant literature, this article reviews the current research status of topical medications, ablation, and surgical treatment for anal HSIL, aiming to provide insights for optimizing the treatment of this disease in the future.