Status and development trends of resource utilization and pollution control of renewable energy waste

With China′s "dual carbon" goals continuously deepening, the wind power and photovoltaic industries are experiencing steady growth, with the new energy vehicle sector rapidly developing. Meanwhile, battery energy storage technology is nearing maturity. Recently, clean energy and new energy technologies have seen rapid development, with the application market continuing to expand. The new energy sector will soon be confronted with a large number of retired or scrapped products and equipment, posing significant challenges to achieving "zero-waste cities". These wastes have dual characteristics: They are both resources and environmental concerns, and are composed of complex, diverse materials. Recovering resources and controlling pollution from these wastes have become key research areas and challenges. This article reviews the latest research, industry practices, and challenges in recovering and utilizing renewable energy solid waste, comparing and analyzing the technological characteristics of recycling solar panels, wind turbine blades, and electric vehicle batteries. It identifies suitable technologies for different product recovery needs and outlines directions for developing resource recovery and pollution control technologies for renewable energy solid waste. The goal is to support the sustainable development of the renewable energy industry and help address the challenges of renewable energy waste management.