Literature Analysis: The Role of Literacy on the Spread of Hoaxes in the Digital Age

The development of information and communication technology has drastically changed the way people access and disseminate information. In the midst of this convenience, the spread of hoaxes and disinformation has increased, especially through social media. Students as active users of digital media are a group that is vulnerable to information manipulation, especially with the presence of technologies such as deepfake that can engineer content realistically. This study aims to analyze the role of digital literacy and media literacy in counteracting the spread of hoaxes among students. Using a qualitative-descriptive approach and literature study method, this study concludes that the ability to think critically, evaluate, and filter information is the main key in shaping the digital resilience of the younger generation. Digital literacy includes not only technical skills, but also ethical awareness and understanding of the context of information. In addition, support from educational institutions and synergy between the government, media and civil society are needed to build a sustainable culture of literacy. Improving literacy is important to protect individuals from exposure to hoaxes while maintaining the integrity of a healthy and informative digital space.