Why Cosmic Expansion Can Exceed the Speed of Light: An Informational Substrate Theory of Vacuum Structure and Entropic Boundaries

This theoretical paper explores how the universe's accelerated expansion can exceed the speed of light without violating relativistic constraints. By reframing the vacuum as a structured informational substrate rather than a passive emptiness, this model introduces a new interpretation of cosmic expansion as a byproduct of entropy-regulated information diffusion across an evolving dimensional lattice. We argue that what expands is not matter or radiation, but the entropic phase-space of possible configurations embedded in the vacuum’s informational topology. This shift enables superluminal expansion as a dimensional adjustment to preserve informational coherence at large scales. The theory integrates thermodynamic boundaries, vacuum fluctuation dynamics, and the entropy-field interaction to suggest that the observable inflation is a semantic–entropic phenomenon. Implications for early universe cosmology, dark energy, and spacetime stability are discussed.