Factors Affecting Patient Safety Near Miss Reporting: A Systematic Review

Abstract: Aims: This systematic review explores the factors influencing near-miss reporting in healthcare settings. Design: The review adheres to PRISMA 2020 guidelines and employs the Health Belief Model (HBM) and the Hospital Patient Safety Culture (HPSC) framework for analysis. Data Sources: Systematic searches were conducted in PubMed, Web of Science, MEDLINE, Scopus, and OpenAlex, covering literature from 2013 to 2024. Review Methods: A total of 20 studies were selected based on predefined inclusion criteria. Data were extracted and analyzed using HBM and HPSC frameworks. Results: Findings indicate that individual factors, such as lack of knowledge and negative perception, hinder reporting. Organizational factors, including leadership style, communication, and non-punitive safety culture, significantly influence reporting behaviors. Conclusion: Addressing individual perceptions and organizational culture is crucial for fostering a robust near-miss reporting environment. Impact: This review emphasizes the need for education, training, and user-friendly reporting systems to enhance near-miss reporting and overall patient safety. Patient or Public Contribution: This systematic review utilized secondary data; no direct patient or public contributions were involved.