1,5-Anhydroglucitol as a Salivary Biomarker for Early Diagnosis of Type 2 Diabetes and its Potential for Biosensor Integration

This project involves a narrative review focused on 1,5-anhydroglucitol (1,5-AG) as a non-invasive salivary biomarker for Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus (T2DM). While 1,5-AG is a recognized blood biomarker for short-term glycemic control, its detection in saliva and potential integration into biosensor technologies remains underexplored. This review aims to synthesize existing clinical and technological evidence on salivary 1,5-AG, evaluate its diagnostic value, and highlight gaps in the literature. The ultimate goal is to support future research and innovation in non-invasive diabetes monitoring.