Research on Atomic Transfer Radical Polymerization Modified Lactic Acid Bacteria and Their Removal of Aflatoxin B1

To study the new method of aflatoxin removal by Lactobacillus plantarum materials, and provide a new idea for the efficient biological removal of aflatoxin B1, this study used the polydopamine-based atom transfer radical polymerization (p-ATRP) and cell-catalyzed copper-free atom transfer radical polymerization (c-ATRP) to modify the surface modification of living cells of Lactobacillus plantarum, and guided the self-assembly polymerization reaction within the ATRP system to form polymer materials, characterized the modified Lactobacillus plantarum and compared its adsorption and desorption capabilities towards aflatoxin B1 before and after modification. Results showed that, the unmodified Lactobacillus plantarum had a smooth cell surface, while the Lactobacillus plantarum modified by p-ATRP had a very rough cell surface, and the Lactobacillus plantarum modified by c-ATRP had wrinkles on the cell surface. The Zeta point of unmodified Lactobacillus plantarum was -8.43 mV, while the points of Lactobacillus plantarum after PD and PNIPAAm modification were 1.791 and 13.767 mV, respectively. The adsorption rate of Lactobacillus plantarum for aflatoxin B1 at concentrations ranging from 0.1~100 μg/mL was 75.3%. Furthermore, the adsorption capacity of p-ATRP and c-ATRP modified Lactobacillus plantarum exhibited an increase of 7.8% and 6.4%, respectively, compared with unmodified Lactobacillus plantarum. Additionally, at the same concentration of aflatoxin B1, the desorption rate of Lactobacillus plantarum was 6.1%, while the desorption capabilities of p-ATRP and c-ATRP modified Lactobacillus plantarum were enhanced by 14.4% and 42%, respectively. Overall, the modified Lactobacillus plantarum demonstrated a significant enhancement in both adsorption and desorption abilities towards aflatoxin.