Study on dust distribution characteristics and dust-cleaning optimization during the pulse cleaning process for the uniseriate filter cartridges

Dust removal technology of filter cartridges is widely used, and the cleaning effect directly affects the dust removal efficiency. In order to solve the problem of uneven dust cleaning effect on the surface of the filter cartridge, the dust cleaning process of the pulse injection for a filter cartridge was selected as the research object, and the experimental research with the numerical simulation method was adopted, the air flow distribution characteristics of the pulse for the cleaning process were analyzed and the flow field was optimized. The experimental and simulation results were in good agreement. Both found that the installation of a diffuser was conducive to improve the dust cleaning efficiency in the upper area of the filter cartridge. After installing the diffuser, the absolute values of the peak and the valley pressure at the bottom point decreases by about 20% and 27% respectively when compared to the condition before the optimization, it can retard the impacting from the jet stream on the bottom area of the filter cartridge, which was conducive to protect the filter cartridge. Based on the optimization results of the diffuser obtained, a three-dimensional physical model of a uniseriate filter cartridges of five ones was constructed. Combining the CFD-DPM method, the porous medium model and the pulse injection effect, the pulse cleaning process was investigated, as well as the mode of the injection control. The entire process from dust diffusion to its deposition around the filter cartridge was visually investigated. The re-adsorption phenomenon is obvious. Based on the self-developed post-processing programs, the strength of the re-adsorption phenomenon for different filter cartridges was quantitatively analyzed. Meanwhile, in order to optimize the injection control, the influence of three different modes on the pulse injection was considered on the influence of the re-adsorption phenomenon and PM2.5 distribution during cleaning process. It was found that the cleaning effects of fine particles of PM2.5 on the surface of Cartridge C in the middle position were relatively poor. The skip injection can effectively suppress the re-adsorption phenomenon of dust, and the cleaning effect of the whole filter cartridges is better than those of the simultaneous and sequential injections. An optimized control scheme for the skip sequence injection was obtained, which improved the dust removal efficiency of the filter cartridge for the dust collector. It provides guidances for improving the cleaning efficiency of fine dust and has important practical significance to improve the pulse injection control of the filter cartridge for the dust collectors.