Research Progress on Regulatory Effects and Mechanism of Akkermansia muciniphila on Glycolipid Metabolism and Intestinal Health

Akkermansia muciniphila (A. muciniphila) is a functional gut commensal bacterium. The imbalance in the distribution and abundance of A. muciniphila in the gastrointestinal tract is closely related to the occurrence of various diseases, including glucolipid metabolic disorders and enteritis. This review aims to provide a concise overview of the probiotic function of A. muciniphila in regulating glucose and lipid metabolism, alleviating intestinal inflammation, and enhancing intestinal barrier function, as well as its molecular mechanism of action. Meanwhile, to tackle the challenges of industrial applying A. muciniphila, such as defining a safe and effective supplemental dosage and creating a cost-efficient, high-density production process, new research directions are proposed to guide the development of A. muciniphila as a novel probiotic additive.