From protease inhibitors to integrase strand transfer inhibitors: the evolution of HIV drug resistance management

Antiretroviral therapy (ART) has significantly improved the prognosis of HIV/AIDS patients and has become an important global strategy for the prevention and control of AIDS. However, with the widespread use of ART, the resistance of HIV drug has gradually become the prominent problem and a major clinical challenge. This article reviews the current status of the prevalence of HIV drug resistance and management strategies, focusing on the use of protease inhibitors (PIs) and a new generation of integrase strand transfer inhibitors (INSTIs) in second-line treatment.