VANGL2 expression is down-regulated during IBD progression.

(A) Bioinformatics analysis of <i>VANGL2</i> mRNA levels in human CD and UC. (B) Immunoblot analysis was used to detect the protein expression of VANGL2 in colon of DSS-treated mice at indicated times. (C) PCR assay for gene knockout identification in WT and <i>Vangl2</i>^ΔM/ΔM mice. (D) The knockout efficiency of <i>Vangl2</i> in myeloid cells was determined by immunoblot analysis. (E) The mRNA levels of miR-335 in IBD patients were detected using qPCR. (F) The mRNA levels of miR-335 in DSS-induced colitis were detected using qPCR. (G) BMDMs were pretreated with LPS for 4 h, followed by miR-335 mimic transfection, and finally VANGL2 expression was measured by immunoblot analysis. (H) Detection of <i>VANGL2</i> mRNA expression in active and inactive IBD using qPCR. Data are shown as means ± SD. ***<i>P</i> < 0.001. (PDF)