Effect of early enteral nutrition combined with probiotics on the therapeutic effect and prognosis of patients with severe multiple injuries

Objective To investigate the effect and prognosis of early enteral nutrition (EEN) combined with probiotics on patients with severe multiple injuries. Methods A total of 110 patients with multiple injuries who scored＞16 points on the trauma severity score in the Intensive Care Unit of Dazhou Central Hospital from July 2022 to July 2023 were collected and divided into control group (55 cases) and observation group (55 cases) using a random number table method. The control group received EEN support, while the observation group received EEN combined with probiotic nutritional support. Serum diamine oxidase (DAO), D-lactic acid (D-La), total protein (PB), prealbumin (PAB), C-reactive protein (CRP), and white blood cell count (WBC) were compared between the two groups before and after treatment. The length of ICU stay, incidence of gastrointestinal adverse events, and 28-day mortality rate were statistically analyzed for both groups. Results After treatment, serum DAO, D-La, CRP, and WBC levels in both groups were lower than before treatment, with the observation group having lower levels than the control group ［(7.77±1.03) ng/L vs (8.84±0.63) ng/L, (48.25±7.23) mg/L vs (53.85±6.44) mg/L, (33.43±17.28) mg/L vs (43.44±19.13) mg/L, (7.48±1.56)×109/L vs (9.77±1.30)×109/L］, with a significant difference (P＜0.05); post-treatment TP and PAB levels in both groups were higher than before treatment, with the observation group having higher levels than the control group ［(58.80±2.83) g/L vs (54.43±2.06) g/L, (175.93±5.78) g/L vs (159.16±8.06) g/L］, with a significant difference (P＜0.05); the incidence of gastrointestinal adverse events in the observation group was lower than that in the control group (26.1% vs 46.5%), with a significant difference (P＜0.05); however, there was no significant difference in ICU stay or 28-day mortality rate between the two groups (P＞0.05). Conclusion EEN combined with probiotics can effectively protect the intestinal mucosal barrier of patients with severe multiple injuries, improve their nutritional status, and reduce the incidence of gastrointestinal adverse events, but it has no significant impact on the ICU stay or 28-day mortality rate of patients with severe multiple injuries.