Analysis of potential genes and immune infiltration related to astrocytoma

Objective To identify the core genes related to astrocytoma using bioinformatics. Methods Expression datasets GSE70231 and GSE138999 of astrocytoma were downloaded from the Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO) database and Differentially Expressed Genes (DEGs) were identified using RStudio. Gene Ontology (GO) and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) pathway enrichment analyses were performed on the DEGs. The Protein-protein Interaction (PPI) network was constructed using STRING and imported into Cytoscape to screen for core genes. The expression of core genes in tumors and their impact on survival prognosis were analyzed using the Sangerbox platform. Finally, immune infiltration analysis was conducted using RStudio. Results A total of 1 261 DEGs were identified through RStudio analysis. Enrichment analysis revealed that these DEGs were mainly localized to the plasma membrane and cytoplasm, involved in processes such as chemical synaptic transmission and protein binding, and associated with synaptic vesicle cycle and insulin secretion pathways. Three core genes, SNAP25, SYN1, SYT1, were identified using Cytoscape.Sangerbox analysis showed significant differences in core gene expression between tumor and normal tissues,with high expression of core genes being associated with better overall survival. Immune infiltration analysis in astrocytoma tissues revealed high levels of infiltration of macrophages (M1 and M2) and neutrophils, with some correlation observed among various immune cells. Conclusion SNAP25, SYN1 and SYT1 may play important roles in the progression of astrocytoma and hold potential as therapeutic targets.