Advances in Gut Microbiota in Heart Failure Combined with Depression

Heart failure patients are prone to depression, and interact with each other, leading to lower quality of life and poor prognosis of patients. As the largest microecosystem in the human body, changes in the composition, structure and function of the gut microbiota are closely related to the physiological and pathological states of the host. Currently, the "gut-heart/brain axis" has been used to explain the link between gut microbiota, cardiovascular diseases, and mood states, which is an important comorbid basis for heart failure and depression. In this paper, we reviewed the mechanisms of gut microbiota, metabolites, and vagus nerve in the development of heart failure and depression, and propose that mediterranean diet, probiotics, and microbiota transplantation have the potential to improve the "microbiota-gut-heart/brain axis", providing a new perspective for the treatment of heart failure patients comorbid with depression.