Framework for the Development Direction and Key Technologies of Modern Smart Distribution Networks

[Objective] Driven by the “dual carbon” goal and the ongoing development of new energy systems， renewable sources and novel loads—such as distributed generation， electric vehicles， and controllable user-side resources—have expanded rapidly， reaching unprecedented levels. The fluctuation and randomness of these new energy sources and loads pose significant challenges for the safe operation and flexible regulation of distribution networks. Consequently， there is an urgent need to modernize and enhance the intelligence of the distribution networks. [Methods] This study analyzes the characteristics and underlying principles of modern smart distribution networks and outlines the intelligence requirements and development priorities for these networks. Given the diversity in distribution network construction， the key technologies for upgrading conventional distribution networks to modern and intelligent systems are explored across five representative scenarios： coordinated microgrid development； efficient integration of charging facilities； optimal utilization of new energy storage technologies； modernization of urban and rural distribution networks； and seamless coordination of generation， network， load， and storage. Based on these connotations， characteristics， and development priorities of modern smart distribution networks， the technical development trajectory and construction priorities for future distribution networks are forecasted. [Results] It is imperative to upgrade the distribution network to a “modern smart distribution network” via high-quality development and construction. Such upgrades will significantly enhance the network’s capability to ensure reliable power supply， support clean energy consumption， accommodate diverse loads， and optimize resource allocation. [Conclusions] As an critical element of the new power system， the modern intelligent distribution network integrates all fundamental components of the new power system. It will continue to facilitate the seamless integration of emerging technologies and foster the development of novel business structures and operational models.