Research progress and future prospects of electrode materials for supercapacitors

\nSupercapacitors are a highly promising energy storage solution, characterized by high charge and discharge rates, high energy density, and high power density. It stores energy through a variety of storage mechanisms. As the properties of the electrode materials are one of the pivotal factors affecting the performance of supercapacitors, a significant portion of current research is focused on developing novel and advanced electrode materials capable of augmenting overall functionality. To optimise the performance of electrode materials, synthesis of materials into nanostructures is an effective approach. Simultaneously, a combination of multiple materials is employed to further augment the electrochemical performance of the material. This paper reviews recent advances in various electrode materials, focusing on carbon materials, metal compounds and conductive polymers, as well as related nanocomposites. Furthermore, this paper emphasises the pivotal role and ongoing research developments of nanoscale composites in supercapacitors and looks forward to the future development of supercapacitor electrodes for efficient energy storage.\n