Current state of saline soils in the Fergana Valley

Irrigation, groundwater and subsoil waters (soil solution) in the irrigated lands of the Ferghana Valley are integral parts of a chain in the formation, movement and accumulation of salts in the soil, and it is important to study them together in solving reclamation problems. In the process of soil formation, especially in the formation of optimal groundwater regime and balance in the conditions of valley irri-gated soils, the role of subsoil waters is particularly large, has a multifaceted effect on the formation of saline soils, functions as the main source of salt in the soil in a certain situation; serves as a means of col-lecting (cumulating) dissolved salts and expelling them from the territory of irrigated and salt-washed areas (by means of ditches) in the second situation. The mechanical composition of soils plays an impor-tant role in the movement, redistribution and accumulation of dissolved salts in the vertical and horizontal directions along the soil profile.