Starch based for intelligent food packaging: A review

\nBiodegradable materials are gaining attention as sustainable alternatives, particularly for food packaging, as they provide similar protection without environmental harm. Starch, an abundant, renewable, and affordable polymer, is promising for biodegradable films. However, its limitations, such as low solubility, weak mechanical properties, and high sensitivity to moisture, restrict its use in packaging. Thus, enhancing the mechanical and barrier properties of starch-based materials is critical. This review explores recent advances in starch-based films, focusing on their degradability, functional improvements, and applications in active and intelligent packaging. Although processing techniques have evolved, further research is needed to optimize film formulation, scale production, and reduce costs for commercial feasibility. Starch-based films can incorporate antimicrobial and antioxidant agents, offering active and intelligent packaging solutions that maintain food quality and extend shelf life. This review underscores the potential of starch-based materials as eco-friendly alternatives for future food packaging.\n