Identification of valuable traits for lettuce (Lactuca Sactiva L.) breeding using analysis methods

The article presents the results of studying 110 variety samples of 5 varieties (var. sativa, var. angustan, var. longifolia, var. crispa, var. capitata) of lettuce (Lactuca sativa L.). When grown in hot conditions of the Central zone of Uzbekistan, the duration of the growing season from mass shoots to economic suitability for leaf lettuce (early ripening) is 37–45 days, late ripening - 48–55 days, and headed lettuce - 54–67 days. Depending on the variety of lettuce, the yield is up to 4.0 kg / m2. Significant variability in yield and plant weight of lettuce during spring sowing was established, depending on climatic conditions, origin and varietal characteristics. Potential opportunities for improving the indicators of economically valuable traits of lettuce variety samples using probabilistic and statistical methods of analysis are discussed. The average values and limits of yield and plant weight characteristic of varietal diversity within the species when growing lettuce in open ground have been determined. Based on the methods of variation statistics, the selection criteria for the source material have been developed, taking into account a differentiated approach to lettuce diversity.