Alkyl-Ether\nGroup-Modified Anthraquinone-Based Negative\nElectrode for Enhanced Electrochemical Performance of All Solid-State\nRechargeable Air Batteries

We developed all solid–state rechargeable air\nbatteries\n(SSABs) comprising alkyl-ether group-substituted anthraquinone (PE-AQ)\nas a negative electrode, a proton-conductive aromatic ionomer membrane\nas a solid electrolyte, and a platinum-based oxygen diffusion positive\nelectrode. Compared with our previous SSABs, the proposed SSAB showed\nhigher open circuit and nominal cell voltages (>1.1 and <i>ca</i>. 0.70–0.60 V, respectively) because of the lower\nredox potential\nof the PE-AQ and optimized negative electrode configuration. The Coulombic\nefficiency was 97%, and superior rate characteristics (>90% up\nto\n100 C) were confirmed. During charge/discharge cycling, 82% of the\ninitial discharge capacity was retained after 100 cycles.