Fe<sub>3</sub>O<sub>4</sub>/BiOI/Ag Hollow Micromotors\nwith Antibacterial Activity for Wound Healing

Antibacterial micromotors with intriguing properties\nhave represented\nfrontiers of research in the biomedical and environmental fields.\nWhile single-powered micromotors still encounter some challenges for\nefficient propulsion in an intricate biological environment, herein,\ndual-propelled Fe<sub>3</sub>O<sub>4</sub>/BiOI/Ag (FBA) micromotors\nwith hollow structure were synthesized <i>via</i> two facile\nsteps without involving any sophisticated equipment. In this unique\ndesign, efficient propulsion of an FBA micromotor powered by magnetic\nstimuli/visible light was demonstrated. Impressively, the micromotor\nwas capable of flexible propulsion with a remarkable velocity of 119.2\n± 5.9 μm s<sup>–1</sup> without addition of toxic\nfuel. Taking advantage of the locomotion, bacterial capture ability,\nand photocatalytic capacity, 1 × 10<sup>7</sup> CFU mL<sup>–1</sup> Escherichia coli (E. coli) can be\ntotally inactivated by hollow FBA micromotors. The ideal universality\nof FBA for antibacterial application toward Staphylococcus\naureus (S. aureus) and Pseudomonas\naeruginosa (P. aeruginosa) was confirmed. Besides,\nthe FBA micromotors manifested antibiofilm capacity toward E. coli, methicillin-resistant S.\naureus (MRSA), and P. aeruginosa. It is worth mentioning that they also displayed ideal biocompatibility\nand lower toxicity. More importantly, the FBA micromotors can effectively\naccelerate S. aureus-infected wound\nhealing without causing adverse effects. This work offers an innovative\nstrategy for facile design of dual-propelled micromotors for various\nenvironmental and biomedical applications.