Intelligent\nFlexible Pressure Sensors with Improved\nSensing Range and Sensitivity Based on 3D-Graphene Patterning Induced\nby UV Laser

Intelligent\nflexible sensors are an integral component of the next\ngeneration of consumer electronics. However, developing a flexible\npressure sensing system that possesses both high sensitivity and a\nsensing range remains a key challenge in practical applications. Herein,\na machine learning-assisted 3D laser-induced graphene (3D-LIG)/polydimethylsiloxane\ncomposite flexible pressure sensing system based on ultraviolet (UV)\nlaser integrated fabrication was proposed. Low-cost LIG-based flexible\nsensors with a 3D carbonized structure were prepared by selective\nUV laser ablation and laser-induced graphitization. The interlayer\ninterlocking structure, combined with the internal porous structure\nof LIG, enriches the sensing mechanism, allowing the sensor to exhibit\ntriphasic linear response characteristics, demonstrating a large sensing\nrange (0–500 kPa) and high sensitivity (0–20 kPa, 3.047\nkPa<sup>–1</sup>). Based on machine-learning algorithms, an\nintelligent wearable sign language translation system was constructed\ncapable of high-precision recognition of complex sign language sequence\ninformation. The integration of LIG with 3D microstructures allows\na wider space for designing LIG-based flexible sensing structures\nand offers a promising platform for the development of intelligent\nwearable devices.