Coral-Inspired Capacitive\nPressure Sensor with High\nSensitivity and Wide Range for Human–Computer Interaction

Flexible capacitive pressure sensors\nhave extensive applications\nin healthcare and human-computer interaction. However, current sensors\nface challenges in sensitivity, response range, and batch-to-batch\nconsistency. Herein, inspired by coral, a capacitive pressure sensor\nfeaturing a Y-shaped dielectric layer is developed, offering high\nsensitivity and a wide detection range. The innovative biomimetic\n″Y-shaped coral″ gradient tilt structure skillfully\ncombines two effects: the change in contact area and the reduction\nin plate spacing, in response to pressure changes. This design not\nonly expands the compressible range of the sensor but also achieves\na good balance between high sensitivity and a wide response range.\nExperimental results show that the fabricated sensor exhibits high\nsensitivity (1.10 kPa<sup>–1</sup>), a substantial response\nrange (210 kPa), minimal hysteresis (≈3%), and excellent durability\n(withstanding over 20,000 cycles at 100 kPa). This sensor has broad\napplication prospects in human-computer interaction, intelligent devices,\nflexible sensing arrays, and meteorological monitoring, enabling precise\nidentification, real-time monitoring, and efficient support functions.\nTherefore, we believe that this study not only provides a design approach\nfor capacitive pressure sensors but also offers strong support for\ntechnological advancement and application innovation in related fields.