Zeolitic Framework\nTa and MoO<sub>3</sub> Confined\nin Beta Zeolite Cooperatively Enhance Activity and Stability for Oxidative\nDesulfurization

Oxidative\ndesulfurization (ODS), as a novel desulfurization technique\nof fuel oil, possesses high desulfurization efficiency for aromatic\nsulfide and low cost, making it a promising approach. The key to the\ntechnology lies in the rational design of catalysts with high activity\nand stability. Polyoxometalates, which are environmentally friendly,\ncost-effective, and abundantly available, face constraints in the\ndevelopment of ODS applications due to their low specific surface\narea and difficulty in regeneration. Introducing metal oxides into\ncarriers with large specific surface areas to obtain heterogeneous\ncatalysts is an effective solution to this problem. Beta zeolites,\nwith regular three-dimensional channel systems, large specific surface\narea, and superior thermal/hydrothermal stability, are usually used\nas carriers. In this work, we developed a strategy to enhance zeolite\ncarrier utilization efficiency by introducing Ta<sup>5+</sup> species\ninto the rigid framework of zeolites containing confined MoO<sub>3</sub>. The Ta species in the zeolite framework and the confined MoO<sub>3</sub> produce a synergistic effect, exhibiting extremely high catalytic\nactivity for the aerobic oxidative desulfurization of various organic\naromatic sulfur compounds under mild conditions (90 °C and atmospheric\npressure) in a deep eutectic solvent, surpassing common heterogeneous\ncatalysts for oxidative desulfurization. Moreover, it can resist the\nadverse effects of interferents, such as naphthalene and indole. Additionally,\nthe confined nature of Beta zeolite endows it with exceptional stability,\ndemonstrating distinctive recyclability.