MXene-Fiber\nComposite Membranes for Permeable and\nBiocompatible Skin-Interfaced Iontronic Mechanosensing

Artificial ionic sensory systems, bridging the divide\nbetween biological\nsystems and electronics, mimic human skin functions but face critical\nchallenges with biocompatibility, comfort, signal stability, and simplifying\npackaging. Here, we present a simple and permeable skin-interfaced\niontronic mechanosensing (SIIM) architecture that integrates human\nskin as natural ionic material and hierarchically porous MXene-fiber\ncomposite membranes as sensing electrodes. The SIIM system eliminates\ncomplex ionic material design and multilayer matrix, exhibiting ultrahigh\npressure sensitivities (5.4 kPa<sup>–1</sup>, <75 Pa), a\nlow detection limit (6 Pa), excellent output stability along with\nhigh permeability to minimize the impact of sweating on sensing. The\nnoncytotoxic nature of SIIM electrodes ensures excellent biocompatibility\n(>97% cell coincubational viability), facilitating long-term wearability\nand high biosafety. Furthermore, the scalable SIIM configuration integrated\nwith matrix smart gloves, effectively monitors human physical movements.\nThis SIIM-based sensor with marked sensing capabilities, structural\nsimplicity, and scalability, holds promising potential in diverse\nwearable applications.