Chitosan-Based\nHydrogel Functionalized with Fe(II)\nPhthalocyanine for Butylated Hydroxyanisole Determination

The synthesis of functional electrode sensing materials\nis the\nkey to the construction of electrochemical sensors. A new hydrogel\nelectrode sensing material was developed by incorporating Fe(II) phthalocyanine\n(FePc) into chitosan-based hydrogels. The chitosan-based hydrogel\nplays a crucial role in dispersing FePc nanoparticles uniformly and\ngenerating a stable environment for the redox reaction of butylated\nhydroxyanisole (BHA) on the electrode surface. Under optimized conditions,\nthe prepared electrochemical sensor exhibited a detection range of\n0.1–30 and 30–1000 μmol/L, with a detection limit\nof 0.035 μmol/L (S/N = 3). Moreover, this sensor demonstrated\nexceptional resistance to interference and maintained its stability.\nThese findings suggest that the developed electrochemical sensor is\npromising for reliable detection of BHA in real samples, highlighting\nthe potential of combining conductive hydrogels with functionalized\nmetal phthalocyanines for accurate and rapid BHA determination.