Protective Role of Melatonin on Hepatic, Renal and Hematological Toxicities of Calcium Disodium Ethylene Diamine Tetra-Acetic Acid (EDTA)

Background: Common food additives include calcium disodium ethylene diamine tetra-acetic acid (EDTA), which is also a component of industrial and cosmetic goods. It is used in cuisine to maintain texture, colour, and flavour. Aim of study: The study's objective is to evaluate the protective effect of melatonin on the possible hepatic, renal, and haematological toxicities of oral EDTA (E385) administered daily over an extended period of time to adult male albino rats. Subject and methods: Forty adult male albino rats were divided into four groups: group I was the control group; group II; got EDTA by gavage for ninety days at a level equal to 1/100th LD50M (20 mg/kg/day) group III received melatonin; and group VI received EDTA+ melatonin. Following the experiment, tissue and blood samples from the kidney and liver were taken for histological, haematological, and biochemical investigations. Results: according to hematological studies, compared to the control groups, the EDTA-intoxicated group had significantly lower levels of white blood cells (WBCs), red blood cells (RBCs), platelet count (PT), hemoglobin level (Hb), and hematocrit value (HCT%) . The EDTA-intoxicated group showed notable alterations in liver and kidney functioning. The EDTA-intoxicated group displayed numerous histological abnormalities in the liver and kidney tissue. In group VI got EDTA+ melatonin, biochemical, hematological, and histopathological results improved, Conclusion: melatonin has protective role against the harmful effects of long-term oral EDTA treatment on liver and kidney tissue, as well as on hematological parameters in male albino rats.