New insights into the Pathogenesis of Periprocedural Myocardial Injury: Review Article

Percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) employing coronary stents has emerged as 1 of the most implemented interventional medical treatments. In individuals with chronic coronary syndrome, percutaneous coronary intervention alongside guideline-directed medical treatment diminishes the likelihood of spontaneous myocardial infarction and the need for urgent revascularization, while enhancing angina status; nevertheless, percutaneous coronary intervention is linked to a heightened possibility of myocardial infarction and periprocedural myocardial injury (PMI), commonly encountered in clinical practice. PMI is described as post-PCI troponin elevation thresholds of >5× upper reference limit (URL) for major myocardial injury and >1× but ≤5× URL for minor myocardial injury. Numerous explanations for the pathogenesis of periprocedural MI have been examined. At present, multiple academic groups have suggested definitions for periprocedural MI, necessitating varying biomarker thresholds without or with other criteria like imaging or angiographic indications of ischemia, novel electrocardiographic alterations, and clinical symptoms.