Urinary Periostin as noninvasive Biomarker for Renal Injury in Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus

Background: The therapy of diabetic nephropathy (DN) is improved by early identification.Aim: To examine the relationship between urine periostin levels in diabetic nephropathy and standard healthy control, as well as to assess the predictive utility of these levels in identifying renal impairment prior to the beginning of substantial albuminuria.Subjects and methods: The study was cross-sectional research in which urine was collected from 90 subjects. The patients were taken from the Department of Medicine's Nephrology Unit at the AL-Zahra University Hospital in Cairo, Egypt. Based on their level of albuminuria, they were divided into two groups: the albuminuric group (n = 30; group III) and the non-albuminuric group (n = 30; group II), with the control group (n = 30) being the same.ELISA kits were utilized to assess the urine level of periostin.Results: Comparing group III to groups II and I, there was a statistically significant rise in urine periostin; similarly, group II had a statistically significant increase in urinary periostin when compared to group I. Significantly, group II's urine periostin and serum creatinine correlated positively, but group II's GFR correlated negatively.Conclusion: Urinary periostin has the potential to serve as a non-invasive biomarker for renal impairment in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM), as elevated levels can be identified in these patients prior to the start of substantial albuminuria.