Role of 2D Ultrasound in Diagnosing Posterior and Lateral Invasion of Placenta Accreta

Background: The placenta accreta spectrum(PAS) condition refers to abnormalities where the trophoblastic tissue abnormally adheres to and invades the uterine myometrium and serosa.Aim: To study the role of ultrasound in diagnosing posterior and lateral invasion of placenta accrete.Patients and methods: This prospective interventional investigation involves fifty cases attending obstetrics and gynaecology clinics at Al Azhar University Hospitals from the beginning of July 2023 to the end of July 2024.Results: Our findings showed that in indications of cesarean hysterectomy, there were 30 patients with failure of placental separation(60%), 20 patients with severe bleeding of the placental bed(40%), and there were not any patients with atonic severe uterine bleeding(0%) in the studied group. Only a few following-surgery complications have been identified in 210 cases of placenta accreta spectrum, involving four cases(two per cent) of puerperal infections, four cases (two per cent) of bladder damage, and one case(half per cent) requiring a follow-up procedure. There were no reported cases of damage to the ureter, intestines, or placental remnant. Crucially, there were no fatalities, and no complete hysterectomies were performed. Their research demonstrates a surgical therapy technique with minimal risk, as seen by the presented outcomes.Conclusion: Placenta accreta spectrum is a common emergency illness in obstetrics because of the rising prevalence of placenta previa, cesarean sections, and assisted reproductive technology(ART). Early diagnosis is essential to prevent complications, as ultrasound is reliable.