Predictors of Successful Angioplasty of Tibial Occlusive Disease

Background: Among diabetic patients, arterial disease influences the development of 50% of diabetic foot ulcers and 70% of the mortality rate. Up to 45% of lower extremity ulcerations may be characterized by arterial occlusive disease, either in isolation or in conjunction with neuropathic disease. This study aimed to examine the predictors of successful angioplasty of tibial occlusive disease. Methods: This prospective study that was carried on 30 patients aged >40 years both sexes with tibial occlusive disease. Patients were divided into two equal groups: Group I (n=21): patients had stenotic lesions and group II (n=9): patients had occluded lesions. Results: The ankle-brachial index (ABI) was significantly lower in occluded group compared to patent group (P<0.001). The multivariate logistic regression analysis showed that smoking, diabetes mellitus (DM), ischemic heart disease, clinical presentation, ABI, presence of multiple lesions and length of lesion were significant predictors for patency. Conclusion: Angioplasty is considered safe and effective option of treatment tibial occlusive disease and its failure may due to multiple number of vessels, clinical presentation (Rutherford score), and comorbidities as diabetes, hypertension and ischemic heart disease.