Neurosurgical Management of Movement Disorders

Background: Neurosurgical management of movement disorders involves surgical interventions to treat conditions like Parkinson’s disease, essential tremor, and dystonia, which are resistant to medication. Techniques such as deep brain stimulation [DBS], lesioning, and pallidotomy target specific brain areas to alleviate symptoms. Aim: This study aimed to evaluate the efficacy, complications, and safety of neuro-ablation and neuromodulation in patients of Parkinsonian, dystonia and essential tremors. Patients and methods: This retrospective study included 25 patients after progression of movement disorders diseases and failure of the medical treatment with development of intolerable side effects. We evaluated the neurological clinical outcomes and complications associated with neurosurgical procedures for movement disorders, study postoperative assessments and long-term follow-ups Results: The mean of pre-op rigidity for the 4 limbs was 10.93 ± 4.31, the median of post-op rigidity for the 4 limbs was 2, the median of pre-op tremors on RT ul was 1.5, the median of post-op tremors on RT ul was 0.5, the median of pre-op tremors on LT ul was 1.5, the median of post-op tremors on LT ul was 0, the median of pre-op gait on LT ul was 3, the median of post-op gait on LT ul was 0. There was statistically significant difference between the studied groups as regarded ADL score Preoperatively and 6 months post operatively. The median of pre-operative ET score was 3 [2.25-3.5] and median of post-operative 6month ET score was 0.5 [0-0.5]. There was no statistically significant difference among the studied groups as regarded surgical target while there was statistically significant difference among the studied groups as regarded DBS battery change. Conclusion: the findings support clinicians in making more informed decisions, improving treatment outcomes, and enhancing patient safety and quality of life following neurosurgery for movement disorders.