Optical Coherence Tomography Angiography to Evaluate Anti–Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor Therapy in Myopic Choroidal Neovascularization

Background: A common ailment, myopia affects an estimated 1.6 billion individuals globally. In the unaccommodated (relaxed) eye, a refractive situation occurs when the retina produces an image of a distant object in front of the eye. It is estimated that 9.82% of Egypt's population suffers from pathological myopia. Both the best corrected and uncorrected visual acuity are lost in pathological myopia, and difficulties arise. Objective: Optical coherence tomography angiography (OCTA) is used to assess anti- VEGF therapy in myopic choroidal neovascularization (mCNV) by identifying changes in the size, shape, and flow area of the choroidal neovascular membrane. Subjects and Methods: Twenty patients with myopic eyes (nine right, eleven left) were referred to the Menoufia University faculty of medicine's ophthalmologic clinic between February 2021 and April 2022. Results: Following intravitreal ranibizumab treatment, central macular thickness was significantly reduced compared to pretreatment; the mean difference was 45.55±71.27 (9.62%), with a P-value of 0.010. Intraretinal fluid and subretinal fluid decreased significantly after intravitreal ranibizumab treatment, by 22.11% and 16.21%, respectively, in comparison to pretreatment (P<0.05). Conclusion: Intravitreal ranibizumab treatment resulted in anatomical improvement with a considerable decrease in intraretinal fluid and subretinal fluid compared to pretreatment. This was best illustrated using the OCTA.