Review of Non-invasive Diagnostic Methods for Jaundice in Infants

Neonatal jaundice is a common condition that affects babies in their first week of life. It occurs when the skin and sclera turn yellow due to elevated bilirubin levels. Bilirubin, a waste product of red blood cell breakdown (hemolysis), is difficult for newborns to eliminate because their livers are immature. If jaundice is not treated, it can get worse and cause serious problems like kernicterus, which can damage the brain permanently because bilirubin is neurotoxic and can cause permanent brain damage. This review critically evaluates non-invasive techniques for employing clinical data to predict serum bilirubin concentrations. This study examines how AI can help manage neonatal jaundice at home. It focuses on things like monitoring symptoms, issuing smart early warnings, and providing personalized health advice. It also discusses the problems with using machine learning to detect jaundice. In diagnostic, research, and clinical settings, non-invasive methods have proven effective in treating infant jaundice. This study highlights the critical importance of prompt diagnosis and treatment of acute bilirubin encephalopathy to enhance neonatal care and prevent long-term neurological damage. Based on these findings, this study concludes that it is possible to non-invasively intervene on neonatal complications, with a safer and more effective approach for detecting and treating neonatal jaundice.