Home-based diabetes self-management education and support through Orem’s self-care model: a randomized controlled trial

The aim of this study was to provide health interventions by integrating the Diabetes Self-Management Education and Support recommended by the American Diabetes Association with Orem's self-care model to address the challenges in diabetes self-management. This research is a randomized controlled experimental research. Sixty-five diabetic patients (30 controls, 35 experimental) were included in the study. Before intervention, data were collected using a questionnaire form that includes the identifying characteristics of patients and the self-care agency scale, and biochemical analysis was performed. The patients in the experimental group were visited in their homes four times in weekly intervals, their self-care needs were evaluated, and nursing diagnoses were established. Then, home care was carried out and face-to-face individual diabetes education was delivered. Six weeks after the intervention, the post-test data were collected, and again, biochemical analysis was performed. It was determined that blood glucose levels, HbA1c, lipid levels, blood pressure values. and self-care needs of individuals in the experimental group were decreased during the study and the self-care agency score was increased, and there was a statistical difference between the experimental and control groups (P < .05). The intervention significantly improved glycaemic control and self-care agency.