A data-driven methodology for biomass quantification and bioenergy potential estimation: Bioenergy in Ireland

To evaluate the current availability of biomass resources, a database has been created compiling various biomasses from different Irish sectors such as agriculture, forestry, and marine. These feedstocks are considered for their potential in bioenergy production and bioeconomy technologies. The assessment has covered both primary feedstocks, and secondary feedstocks, i.e., any by-products or co-products derived from them with a special attention to those that fall under the scope of the Renewable Energy Directive (RED) III. The biochemical composition of biomass specifically calorific value, protein, carbohydrate, and fat content are also considered for bioenergy applications. Ongoing key projects at national level are gathered to highlight Ireland’s transition toward low-carbon solutions within the bio-based economy based on the selected feedstocks. Analysis of county-level bioenergy potential in Ireland reveals distinct regional clusters, with the highest resources concentrated in the south-west (Cork-Tipperary-Limerick axis), the north-east (Cavan-Monaghan-Meath), and the Midlands. The total calculated bioenergy potential across Ireland amounts to 194 TWh, indicating substantial renewable energy capacity distributed nationwide. The five leading counties-Cork, Tipperary, Galway, Limerick, and Mayo-together contribute 37.3% of the total, emphasizing a strong regional concentration of bioenergy resources.