THE RADICAL-SCAVENGING POTENTIAL AND OXIDATIVE STRESS MODULATION OF ROSA ALBA L. ABSOLUTE AGAINST GENTAMICIN-INDUCED RENAL TOXICITY

Purpose: This study aimed to evaluate the radical scavenging capacity and potential modulation of oxidative stress exerted by Rosa alba L. absolute in a model of gentamicin-induced nephrotoxicity. Material/Methods: The antioxidant activity of R. alba L. absolute was examined using electron paramagnetic resonance (EPR) spectroscopy. In vivo EPR measurements were performed to assess scavenging activity against hydroxyl (•OH) and superoxide (•O2-) radicals, as well as the DPPH radical scavenging capacity (DPPH•). Tissue homogenates were prepared from renal samples and serum obtained from Balb/c mice. Animals were randomly allocated into four experimental groups (n = 6): (a) the control group, receiving an intraperitoneal injection (i.p.) of 1 mL isotonic NaCl solution (0.9%) daily along with a standard diet; (b) the R. alba group, administered R. alba absolute orally at 80 mg·kg-¹ body weight·day-¹; (c) the gentamicin (GM) group, injected i.p. with GM at 200 mg·kg-¹ body weight·day-¹ to induce acute nephrotoxicity; and (d) the combination group, receiving GM (200 mg·kg-¹) followed 2 hours later by R. alba absolute (80 mg·kg-¹·day-¹) administered orally. EPR spectroscopy was further employed to analyze oxidative alterations and conformational modifications in renal proteins, with a particular focus on sulfhydryl (-SH) group integrity in albumin. Protein carbonylation (PC) levels were quantified using an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). Results: The findings demonstrated that R. alba L. absolute exhibited pronounced antioxidant activity, effectively scavenging hydroxyl and superoxide radicals and displaying notable DPPH radical neutralization capacity. Conclusions: Moreover, oral administration of R. alba significantly attenuated protein oxidation and carbonylation, thereby mitigating oxidative damage to renal proteins (p < 0.05).