Clinical presentation and management of repetitive circling behaviour in a working cocker spaniel secondary to meningoencephalomyelitis of unknown aetiology

Abstract A 3‐year‐old, entire, male cocker spaniel presented for behavioural assessment following a 2.5‐year history of compulsive circling to the right‐hand side. It was previously diagnosed with meningomyelitis of unknown aetiology, following an acute onset of blindness in the left eye and decreased postural reactions. Lesions in the right thalamus and internal capsule were subsequently identified on magnetic resonance imaging. The dog was started on immune‐modulatory treatment with dexamethasone, leflunomide and cytarabine, with a very good initial response observed. However, following multiple relapses, gradual deterioration and poor response to existing medications, behavioural referral was sought to further manage the circling behaviour. Psychopharmacology was recommended to reduce the intensity and frequency of the dog's behaviours, which showed significant improvement following the introduction of fluoxetine. This case highlights the importance of combining behavioural modification techniques and psychoactive medications to support animals with diagnosed neuropathological conditions, to improve quality of life and prognosis.