Incidental discovery and surgical removal of inferior vena cava filter fragment embolization to the right ventricle with pericardial perforation during coronary angiography: a case report

Thin metallic struts may evade CT detection due to in-plane alignment or artefact, and echocardiography may fail to identify fragments lacking haemodynamic significance. Management options include endovascular retrieval, surgical extraction, or observation. This case highlights the importance of structured IVC filter follow-up and timely retrieval to prevent silent but potentially life-threatening complications.