Tūrān Shāh's campaign against Yemen in light of Yemeni sources (569-571 AH/ 1174-1176 AD)

The Ayyubid takeover of Yemen was one of the major projects and important events of the medieval Islam that needs further study. Therefore, this study focuses on Tūrān Shāh’s campaign against Yemen during the period (569 AH - 571 AH) in light of Yemeni sources. It aims to shed light on the political situation in Yemen before the arrival of the campaign and to discuss its reasons and its path to control Yemen. The study also seeks to reveal the most prominent results of the campaign, especially since Yemen in this period was suffering from internal strife and sectarian differences, which led to the division of the country and its fragmentation into small unites that were exhausted by disputes and rivalries and lost their political unity. As a result of the rivalry and lack of political unity, the residents of this region began to look to the path of salvation. The study is based on what Yemeni sources recorded about this campaign. General historical and Ayyubid sources dealt with this campaign from other aspects and varying points of view, and did not go beyond mentioning the campaign and supplies without tracking their news after its arrival. This may have been due to Yemen’s distance from the scene of events in Egypt and the Syria.