Investigation on Effects of Process Parameters on Tissue Fusion Performance and Thermal Damage in Laser‐Assisted Vascular Anastomosis

This study conducted laser-assisted vascular anastomosis experiments using a YAG continuous-wave fiber laser (wavelength: 1064 ± 4 nm, maximum power: 10 W) to investigate the effects of process parameters-including laser power, scanning speed, and defocus distance-on the burst pressure strength of vascular tissue. Thermal damage was evaluated based on the thermal damage parameter (Ω), collagen content, and microstructural characteristics. The results indicate that laser power and defocus distance significantly influence the burst pressure strength, while laser power notably affects the extent of thermal injury. The optimal process parameters were identified as a laser power of 6 W, a scanning speed of 300 mm/s, and a defocus distance of 3 mm. Under these conditions, the burst pressure strength reached 52.58 kPa, with a thermal damage parameter Ω of only 0.0623, meeting the requirements for vascular anastomosis.