Seamless supervisory control scheme of a constrained grid-connected microgrid with hybrid resources and hydrogen production unit

This study proposes a heuristic seamless supervisory control scheme (SECS) for a constrained grid-connected microgrid with green hydrogen production and storage system (GHPS). Beside the photovoltaic generator (PVG) and the wind generator (WG), the microgrid has an alkaline electrolyser (AE) for hydrogen production, a high-pressure storage tank with a compressor, and proton-exchange membrane fuel cell (FC). It supplies both DC and AC loads. The SECS coordinates the individual controllers of the microgrid subsystems to achieve stable and economic operation. It needs only the three-phase main grid current and hydrogen tank level as inputs to make real time decisions specifying energy-sharing status for the microgrid players. Also, it maintains voltage quality and enables smooth state transition under all operating conditions. By employing elaborated mathematical models, the study analyses the operational dynamics and working efficiency of main components for various scenarios. Two proposed configurations of the microgrid are considered. The entire electrical–mechanical dynamic model is simulated in Matlab environment. Obtained results prove the scheme efficacy and verify the seamless performance of the proposed configurations.