Unveiling the path of ingested foreign bodies: CT imaging insights into migration and complications

Abstract Background Foreign-body ingestion is most common among children and the elderly. It is considered a medical emergency and requires rapid and accurate imaging assessment. This study aimed to demonstrate the various CT imaging features and complications associated with the ingestion of sharp foreign bodies. Results Out of 123 patients with a history of foreign-body ingestion, this retrospective study included 80 patients with positive CT evidence of retained foreign bodies. These patients were evaluated based on gender, age, type of foreign body, location, and associated complications. The cohort consisted of 35 males and 45 females, with ages ranging from 1 to 77 years (mean age: 28.5 ± 5.4 years). The most common foreign bodies were fish bones ( n = 20, 25%) and chicken bones ( n = 18, 22.5%) among middle-aged patients, while stapler pins ( n = 16, 20%) were most frequent in children. Foreign bodies were most commonly detected in the ileum ( n = 16, 29%). Complications were observed in 32 patients (45%), with perforation being the most common ( n = 25, 31.25%). The sensitivity of X-ray was 52%, specificity was 70%, with a positive predictive value of 51% and a negative predictive value of 64.7%. Conclusion CT scanning is considered the most effective imaging modality for patients with ingested foreign bodies. It provides accurate localization and detection of retained foreign bodies and their associated complications, which is essential for early diagnosis and prompt management.