Taxonomic Implications of Seed Morphology in Indian “Rose Mallow” ( <i>Hibiscus</i> L.): Malvaceae

ABSTRACT Malvaceae members show high diversity in seeds, possessing diverse morphology, anatomy, chemical composition and dispersal mechanisms. The fruit and seed morphology plays a key role in diversification and spread in the mallows. Hibiscus popularly known as “Rose Mallow” is one of the largest genera in Malvaceae; apart from its diversity it has multipurpose values in food, horticulture, medicines, and textiles. India is home to 35 species of Hibiscus L., with maximum diversity in the Deccan Peninsula. In support of vegetative and floral characters, seed morphology also plays an important role in the taxonomy of Hibiscus. The seed dimensions, shape, testa ornamentation, tubercles, appendages and hilum are taxonomically significant characteristics. The present investigation highlights the taxonomic implications of seed macro and micromorphology in Indian Hibiscus in support of the sectional classification, interrelationships, and evolutionary studies.