Magnetic hollow Fe3O4@Co-Ni layered double oxide for efficient degradation of lamivudine via peroxymonosulfate activation: Mechanism and synergistic effects

Fe 3 O 4 @Co-Ni layered double oxide (LDO) with a magnetic hollow structure was successfully synthesized and used to degrade lamivudine (3-TC). At 25 °C, 1 mM peroxomonosulfate, 0.1 g/L Fe 3 O 4 @Co-Ni LDO, and no pH change, 20 mg/L 3-TC was decomposed within 40 min. Quenching experiments and electron spin resonance spectroscopy were conducted to explore the reaction mechanism, and the results showed that a large amount of singlet oxygen, superoxide radicals, and sulfate radicals were generated in the system. These reactive species participated in pollutant degradation, and the synergistic effect of Co, Ni, and oxygen vacancies in the catalyst was confirmed to be the core driving force for efficient 3-TC decomposition. Cycling experiments showed that Fe 3 O 4 @Co-Ni LDO demonstrated good stability and a good recycling effect. Various anion-influence experiments were conducted, and the results demonstrated that the reaction system had a good effect against anion influence. Quenching experiments and electron spin resonance spectroscopy were conducted to explore the reaction mechanism, and the results showed that a large amount of singlet oxygen, superoxide radicals, and sulfate radicals were generated in the system. These reactive species participated in pollutant degradation, and the synergistic effect of Co, Ni, and oxygen vacancies in the catalyst was confirmed to be the core driving force for efficient 3-TC decomposition.