Prevalence of Self‐Reported Oropharyngeal Dysphagia and Associated Factors in Iranian Patients With Head and Neck Cancer

What is already known on the subject Oropharyngeal dysphagia (swallowing dysfunction) is a common consequence in patients with head and neck cancer (HNC). The presence of dysphagia leads to malnutrition, dehydration and reduced quality of life in these patients. Although the prevalence of dysphagia has been studied in various countries worldwide, there is no evidence specifically addressing Iranian patients with HNCs. What this paper adds to the existing knowledge The results of this study indicate the first prevalence estimates of self-reported dysphagia among Iranian patients with HNC. It recognizes demographic and clinical factors associated with dysphagia risk (tumour location and duration) and emphasizes the importance of patient-reported outcomes in complementing traditional clinical evaluations. What are the potential or actual clinical implications of this work? Routine screening for dysphagia using patient-reported measures such as MD Anderson Dysphagia Inventory (MDADI) can improve early diagnosis and proper management in Iranian speech therapy and oncology clinics. The findings support multidisciplinary management and may guide healthcare and rehabilitation programs appropriate to the cultural and clinical needs of patients with HNCs.