Acceptability of secondary distribution of HIV self-testing kits in central Kenya: a qualitative study on the perspectives of people living with HIV, their sexual partners, and healthcare providers

The secondary distribution of HIV self-testing (HIVST) kits has the potential to improve access and uptake of HIV testing. This study assessed the acceptability of secondary distribution of HIVST by people living with HIV (PLHIV) to their sexual partners in Central Kenya and explored the broader perspectives on this strategy. Conducted between November 2019 and April 2023, the study was nested within an interventional study that implemented two approaches to encourage HIV testing among sexual partners of PLHIV: (1) Invitation by PLHIV for clinic-based testing, and (2) distribution of HIVST kits to their sexual partners. One-time in-depth interviews (IDIs) were conducted with PLHIV (<i>n</i> = 21), sexual partners (<i>n</i> = 17), and healthcare providers (<i>n</i> = 10) to assess the acceptability of the HIVST distribution strategy from multiple perspectives. Participants generally perceived the HIVST strategy as acceptable, feasible, and convenient, as it saved both time and cost. However, some participants highlighted the potential for conflict and the lack of counseling services with HIVST, while others were concerned about the accuracy of HIVST. Future research should explore HIVST strategies that integrate user-centred counseling services while also addressing safety concerns related to relationship dynamics and the perceived effectiveness of HIVST kits.